Grape Powdery Mildew
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR USE
For Control of Powdery Mildew on Wine Grapes
GENERAL INFORMATION
New expanded M-Pede label includes control of powdery mildew disease on grapes.
Curative mode of action controls both mildew spores and hyphae colonies.
Best results obtained when used with preventative fungicides in a mildew control program.
Flexible use recommendations fit into any pest management program.
Excellent for use in resistance management programs.
Can be used in conjunction with sulfur.
No persistent residues to affect wine quality.
Low toxicity to nontarget organisms.
Biological Composition: M-Pede is composed of potassium salts of fatty acids which are extracted from vegetable and animal oils and fats. Fatty acids occur in many biological systems and are a common part of our daily diet. M-Pede's active ingredients biodegrade quickly following application and therefore have minimal impact on workers and nontarget organisms including natural predators and parasites.
M-Pede is approved for use by organic farmers.
Curative Mode of Action: M-Pede kills powdery mildew on contact while in solution by causing the hyphae and spores of the powdery mildew to collapse, desiccate and die. M-Pede's quick mode of action results in death of fungal tissues in a short period of time. M-Pede degrades naturally in the environment and has minimal residual activity after the spray solution has dried.
Integrate With Sulfur and Sterol Inhibitors: M-Pede is curative against both mildew spores and hyphae and should be used to arrest powdery mildew outbreaks. Conversely, sulfur is a preventative fungicide and does not affect established mildew. Sterol inhibitor fungicides (Rally, Rubigan and Bayleton) are absorbed into plant tissues where they can prevent germination, and/or stop the growth of very young mildew colonies. Sterol inhibitors have little effect on established colonies. Optimal control of powdery mildew is achieved when curative and preventative control practices are integrated.
Wide Use Flexibility: M-Pede can be applied throughout the growing season to control powdery mildew. M-Pede can be applied early season to arrest mildew outbreaks, or late season after the sulfur cut-off date. Plant washes can be made to rescue mildew hot spots. Unlike oils, M-Pede can be applied up to three days before or after an application of sulfur. M-Pede can also be used to control leafhoppers and mites. Further, M-Pede leaves no harmful residues to affect wine quality, or extend worker reentry periods.
Resistance Management Tool: M-Pede's mode of action is different from that of sterol inhibitors which inhibit metabolic activity and ergosterol synthesis. M-Pede will control powdery mildew colonies which are resistant to sterol inhibitors and help to manage further resistance development.
INTEGRATING M-PEDE INTO A GRAPE POWDERY MILDEW PROGRAM
For best results use M-Pede as a component of a mildew management program with sulfur and/or sterol inhibitor fungicides. The curative activity of M-Pede provides a unique and versatile tool which compliments other fungicides and offers a new mode of action to manage resistance.
Suggested Use Patterns for M-Pede:
1. Early Season: Use M-Pede as a curative treatment when disease occurs in early season prior to bloom because of high overwintering inoculum, or when bad weather disrupts preventative spray schedules. Use M-Pede as an addition to a preventative program to destroy mildew colonies and spores.
2. Resistance Management: M-Pede controls powdery mildew spores and colonies that are resistant to sterol inhibitors (Rally, Rubigan and Bayleton). To avoid or manage resistance to these products, apply M-Pede in rotation, combination or substitution for sterol inhibitor fungicides.
3. Rescue Treatments: Apply M-Pede to arrest mildew hot spots by washing foliage and fruit surfaces with high volumes of spray. Re-establish preventative control measures following rescue treatments.
4. Worker Exposure: Minimize field worker exposure to sulfur dust by substituting M-Pede for sulfur applications prior to a scheduled hand operation such as suckering, hand tying or leaf removal.
5. Late Season: Apply M-Pede after the sulfur cut-off date and prior to veraison to maintain control of mildew while eliminating sulfur applications and the concern for sulfur residues.
6. Insect/Mildew Control: Apply M-Pede to control leafhoppers, mites and powdery mildew in one application. Refer to Mycogen technical bulletin "Recommendations for Use on Grapes for Control of Leafhoppers, Mites and Mealybugs" (MYCJJ#1001).
7. Table Grapes: Use M-Pede as part of a mildew control program for table grapes from bud break until berries reach 6-7 mm in diameter. Later applications may affect fruit appearance.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE OF M-PEDE
1. Rates: Apply M-Pede at the rate of 1.5-2.0% (v/v) as a stand alone treatment or in tank mixtures. A 1.5% (v/v) concentration is produced by adding 1.5 gallons of M-Pede to enough water to produce 100 gallons of spray. Higher concentration rates of M-Pede should be applied when mildew pressure is high and mildew colonies are very large and established. The addition of one of the following compatibility agents at the lowest recommended rate will improve the effectiveness of M-Pede against powdery mildew: Tri-Ad 73, Unite, Buffer P.S., Spray-Aide or Latron AG44M.
2. Interval: Follow M-Pede applications within 7-10 days with either a second M-Pede application or another mildew fungicide. When tank mixing M-Pede with sterol inhibitor fungicides, follow the recommended application interval of the sterol inhibitor . Do not make more than three successive
M-Pede applications at intervals of 7 days or less.
3. Coverage: M-Pede kills powdery mildew on contact while in solution. Complete coverage of grape clusters and foliage is required for effective mildew control. Maximize coverage of foliage and berries, while avoiding excessive runoff. Early season spray volumes will range from 80-100 gallons per acre (gpa). Mid and late season spray volumes will range from 100-200 gpa. Good canopy management practices such as leaf removal or vertical trellising will reduce spray volume requirements after cane drop. Air blast sprayers are recommended for optimum coverage.
4. Integration With Sulfur Program: M-Pede can be applied 3 days prior, or 3 days after a dusting or wettable sulfur application. Applications of M-Pede and sulfur within less than three days of each other may result in burning of new growth or tender foliage. Do not tank mix M-Pede with sulfur.
5. Tank Mixtures: M-Pede can be tank mixed with recommended rates of Bayleton, Rally or Rubigan in order to compliment their preventative effectiveness with the curative activity of M-Pede. Do not tank mix M-Pede with other pesticides which contain metallic ions including but not limited to copper fungicides, mancozeb, and foliar nutrients.
6. Hard Water: Water is referred to as "hard" when it contains greater than 300 ppm of metal ions (calcium, magnesium, iron, etc.). M-Pede will bind with metal ions to form insoluble salts and precipitate if mixed with hard water which can result in reduced sprayability, reduced pest control effectiveness, and/or increased potential for plant injury. Compatibility agents such as Tri-Ad 73, Buffer P.S., Unite, Spray-Aide or Latron AG44M can be used to improve performance in hard water. Do not use alkaline based conditioners such as those containing EDTA. Water hardness can be quickly assessed by using a simple jar test as described in Mycogen's technical bulletin entitled "Hard Water Testing" (MYCJJ#1003).
7. Restrictions and Limitations (Guidelines to avoid plant or fruit injury):
Do not apply M-Pede to vines which are stressed by weather (such as hot/humid conditions), insects, mites or disease.
Do not make more than 3 successive applications of M-Pede at intervals of 7 days or less.
Do not acidify M-Pede spray mixtures below pH 7 when treating grapes.
Do not make tank mix combinations of M-Pede with various foliar nutrients, adjuvants such as spreader stickers or activators, alkaline based chelating agents (such as EDTA) and pesticides containing sulfur or metallic ions (such as: manganese, magnesium, iron, zinc, etc.).
Do not tank mix M-Pede with penetrators, gibberellic acid, Tecmangam or calcium nitrate.
Do not tank mix with sulfur or use within three days of a sulfur application.
Do not apply M-Pede to table grapes after berries reach 6-7 mm in diameter.
Do not apply M-Pede to Calmeria or Italia grape varieties.
Avoid excessive spray volumes which can collect on the bottom of berries resulting in russetting of fruit.
Avoid applications when wind conditions impair thorough coverage.
This bulletin contains new or supplemental instructions for the use of this product which may not appear on the package label. Mycogen provides this use information in accordance with
Section 2(ee) of FIFRA.
Always read and carefully follow all product labels.
M-Pede is a registered trademark of Mycogen Corporation. Bayleton is a registered trademark of Bayer AG, Germany. Rubigan is a registered trademark of Dow Elanco. Rally, Latron and AG44M are registered trademarks of Rohm and Haas Company. Buffer P.S. is a registered trademark of Helena Chemical Company. Spray-Aide is a trademark of Miller Chemical Company. Unite is a registered trademark of Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co.
M-Pede EPA Reg. No. 53219-6
MYC.JJ# 2171, 2/94